Fibre-plastic composite

A fibre-plastic composite (fibre-reinforced plastic, FRP, fibrous composite material) is a composite Material made of a polymer Matrix that is reinforced with fibres. The reinforcing fibres can be short fibres, long fibres, endless fibres and sometimes pre-impregnated fibres (prepregs) including non-woven fabrics. These composites are also often described as structures rather than materials, because they represent the 'distribution of tasks' Design principle.

The matrix surrounds the fibres, which are bonded to it by adhesive forces. While the fibres carry the loads, the matrix bonds the fibres in a layer and holds the layers together in a specific arrangement. The matrix also transfers forces from fibre to fibre. Depending on the material, the matrix also directly carries forces transverse to the fibre direction by supporting the fibres against buckling when pressure is applied parallel to the fibres. Load is transmitted by means of adhesion between the fibres and matrix. This prevents the fibres from being damaged.

Glass, carbon, natural and polymer fibres are used in fibre-reinforced plastics. The matrix consists of specially selected materials with properties that suit the relevant application.